Какво е CNC струговане, най-доброто ръководство за CNC струговане

CNC струговането е сред високопрецизните и ефективни производствени процеси. It has a wide scope of application in such industries that demand accuracy and complex geometries, Like CNC фрезоване, CNC turning uses computerized control to run the machines. освен това, it can deal with various types of materials. Така, in this ultimate guide to CNC turning, we will discuss the complete processes, their applications, ползи, and drawbacks.

How Would You Define CNC Turning?

CNC turning is a manufacturing operation that cuts the material from the workpiece. It uses cutting tools and a rotating worktable in its application. Допълнително, it is computer computer-controlled method that dictates the movement of the cutting tools and metal pieces. Така, this method is ideal for making complex shapes and precise dimensions. освен това, it has different applications in different industries. They usually include automotive, космическото пространство, and medical device manufacturing.

Step-By-Step Process of CNC Turning

Here are the details of the complete process of how the CNC turning process works.

1. Designing and Programming

CNC turning works like CNC milling. But yes, they offer differences in their machine setup. Така, CNC turning also starts with the designing phase of the workpiece. It is usually done on advanced tools like CAD. Here the engineers specify the different dimensions and features. Once the design part ends, it is imported into CAM software. It decodes the design of metal parts and specifies the machine commands, i.e. скорост, точност, толерантност, и т.н.

2. Избор на материал

The second crucial step is the material selection. Така, it is usually done by checking the mechanical properties and application requirements of the workpiece. Different industries use different materials. Some of them are very hard but lighter in weight. Така, they are widely used in making aircraft parts. освен това, few are highly ductile and can easily deform in another shape without cracking or breaking. Така, such materials are also used in many industries.

3. Machinery Setup

Once the design and material are decided. The next step is proper machinery setup. It will handle the tools and also carry out the operation. Така, here the material is generally in tube or metal bar forms. This metal is placed on the CNC lathe. освен това, other tools and parameters are also attached and incorporated with it. At the end, the turning operation starts to perform. It executes the program and then rotates the workpiece. Заедно с това, the cutting tool also rotates and cuts the defined paths to give a specific shape.

4. Довършителни работи

The final step is to provide the necessary finishing to the workpiece. It helps increase the smoothness of the part surfaces. Така, multiple methods and coatings can be used to carry out this operation. Веднъж, the finishing is done, the metal part is tested thoroughly. Then it is delivered to the client.

Commonly Used Materials For CNC Turning

Here is the detailed table of materials and their properties which are widely used by the CNC tuning process.

 

Тип материал	Material Alloys	Имоти
Метали
Алуминий	6061, 7075	Лек, устойчиви на корозия, good machinability
Стомана	1018, 1045, 4140	Висока якост, издръжлив, can be heat treated
Неръждаема стомана	304, 316, 17-4 PH	Устойчив на корозия, and high-strength
Месинг	C360, C385	Excellent machinability, добра електропроводимост
– Мед	C101, C110	Excellent electrical and thermal conductivity,
Титан	Степен 2, Степен 5	Високо съотношение на якост към тегло, устойчиви на корозия
Пластмаси
коремни мускули		Good impact resistance, лесен за машинна обработка
Поликарбонат		Висока устойчивост на удар, good dimensional stability
Найлон	6, 6/6	Висока якост, добра устойчивост на износване, ниско триене
PTFE	(Тефлон)	Отлична химическа устойчивост, high-temperature resistance
PEEK		High mechanical strength, и химическа устойчивост, can withstand high temperatures
Others
Керамика	Алуминий, zirconia	Висока твърдост, термична стабилност
Композити	Carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP), glass-reinforced polymer (GRP)	Високо съотношение на якост към тегло, fatigue resistance

 

Different Types of Machines Used in CNC Turning

Here are some common types of machines that help carry out different CNC turning operations. Така, нека ги обсъдим подробно.

1. CNC Lathes

It is mainly comprised of spindle, chuck, tool turret, and carriage. These help hold the cutting tools and also move them along the workpiece. Така, the workpiece starts to rotate and start cutting the excessive material attached to the metal part. Допълнително, the lathe machines are suitable for small-scale productions and prototyping.

2. CNC Turning Centers

It is also an advanced equipment to cut the material. освен това, it is also used for additional purposes like drilling, фрезоване, and other secondary operations in a single setup. Допълнително, the CNC turning centers have multiple turrets, living tools, and sub-spindles. These all features make it able to carry out different matching operations.

3. Swiss-Type CNC Machines

Swiss-type CNC machines are mainly used in small productions. But they give highly stable and precise metal parts. These machines have sliding headstocks and guide bushing. They provide excellent stability and accuracy during the machining process. Допълнително, these machines are widely used in the medical, електроника, and watchmaking industries.

4. Multi-Spindle CNC Machines

These are majorly consist of multiple spindles. Every spindle makes separate workpieces. Така, these machines are highly suitable for large-volume productions. They are also used in performing turning, пробиване, потупване, and other operations. Допълнително, their capability of dealing with various workpieces helps reduce the cycle times. Така, it ultimately increases the output.

Types of CNC Turning Operations

Така, let’s discuss all types of CNC turning operations.

1. Straight Turning:Such operations help remove material along the length of the workpiece. Така, it gives a constant diameter.
2. Taper Turning:This operation may help produce a conical shape. It gradually decreases the diameter along the length of the workpiece.
3. Profiling:Mostly used operation. Така, it is used to produce complex shapes. It allows the cutting tool to move in various paths.
4. Grooving:It is usually done using different shapes of cutting tools. Така, it cuts the narrow channels on the workpiece
5. Нарязване на резба: This is one of the finishing operations. It helps make threads on the external or internal surfaces of the workpiece.
6. Facing:Such CNC turning operation helps remove the material from the end of the workpiece. Така, it creates a flat surface.

Differences between CNC Turning Vs CNC Milling

Here is the detailed difference between CNC фрезоване vs CNC Turning.

 

Особеност	CNC струговане	CNC фрезоване
Operation	It tends to rotate the workpiece.	It tends to rotate the cutting tool.
Ideal Shapes	More suitable for cylindrical parts.	They can deal with Complex and non-cylindrical shapes.
Инструментална екипировка	Single-point cutting tools.	Multi-point cutting tools.
Machine Design	CNC lathes.	CNC фрезови машини.
Typical Products	Валове, винтове, болтове.	Предавки, двигателни блокове, cavities.
Премахване на материал	External surfaces.	External and internal surfaces.
Прецизност	High for cylindrical parts.	High for complex shapes.
Време за настройка	Като цяло по-бързо.	Often longer due to complexity.
Обем на производство	High-volume cylindrical parts.	Suitable for various volumes and shapes.
цена	Lower for simple, high-volume parts.	Higher for complex parts.

 

Applications of CNC Turning

This operation is widely used in different industries. Така, нека ги обсъдим тук.

• Автомобилна:To make the engine components and other transmission parts.
• Космонавтика:It is used to make turbine blades and landing gear parts with high precision.
• медицински: To make medical instruments and orthopedic implants.
• Индустриален: To make Shafts and pulleys.

What are the Advantages of CNC Turning

1. CNC turning is suitable for making high-precision metal parts with high accuracy.
2. The cutting tool follows a consistent path to cut the workpiece. Така, it gives constant production quality.
3. CNC turning is the best go-to option for making complex geometries.
4. CNC turning can handle both low and high-volume production efficiently.
5. It is a computer-controlled and automated process. Така, it reduces the labor costs.

What are the Disadvantages of CNC Turning

1. It requires high initial investments in CNC machinery. Така, it is an expensive process.
2. CNC turning is automated. Така, it needs skilled operators to program the process and maintain it periodically.
3. It gives limited to rotational parts.

Alternatives to CNC Turning

If we consider the limitations of CNC turning. We can opt for the different alternatives. Те могат да включват;

• CNC фрезоване:It is highly suitable for non-cylindrical parts.
• 3D Печат:Good option for making complex geometries and prototyping.
• Инжекционно формоване: It is used to make high-volume plastic part production.
• Manual Turning: if you need to deal with simple design and low-volume tasks. It is a good option.

Need CNC Turning Process? Choose TOPS

TOPS has years of experience dealing with various projects using CNC turning. We believe in providing high precision, качество, и ефективност. освен това, we have advanced technology, that not only gives precision. It also reduces the production time. Допълнително, TOPS has skilled staff to meet all the needs of custom parts. Така, if you are looking for one, you can choose our CNC-turning services. We will give you the best deal. Получете своята оферта днес.

Заключение

In sum, CNC turning is a versatile and flexible process. It helps cut the material using advanced operations and machinery. Така, it is beneficial for making cylindrical parts. It uses different types of machines to cater to the different shapes and functions. CNC turning has different applications dealing with various industry demands.

често задавани въпроси

Q1: What is the Typical Turnaround Time for CNC Turning?

A1: This turnaround time mainly depends on the complexity and volume of the project you are dealing with. But generally, it takes to complete the orders within 2-4 седмици.

Q2: Can CNC Turning Process is Suitable for Complex Geometries?

Абсолютно да, CNC turning is widely useful in making complex parts. освен това, it gives high-precision and accurate parts for different industrial components.

Q3: How does CNC Turning Guarantee High Precision?

Както подсказва името му, CNC струговане. It is a computer-controlled program that dictates both cutting tools and machinery to give high-precision and accurate metal parts.