Porcas vs parafusos： Seus tipos e diferenças

Nuts vs bolts are indispensable in automobile, aeroespacial, mecânico, e indústrias elétricas. Porque, in these settings, the component’s protection is paramount. Então, Nuts and bolts do this function effectively. You probably see nuts and bolts in the vicinity of everything. Smartphones, tablets, and laptops are a few of the products that use these fasteners for parts joining. Além do mais, furnishing products like tables and chairs also use screws and bolts to preserve structural integrity. Neste artigo, we will discuss different varieties of nuts and bolts, as well as their purpose. Além disso, the discussion will make a comparison of these vital fastening parts.

What are Nuts Used for?

Nuts are used as fasteners with a threaded central aperture. The internal screw threads are also known as the internal screw threads. This allows the nut to thread onto a bolt that has a male thread. These components are always accompanied by bolts. The nut together with the bolt helps to make a clasp that binds together several parts to make it easy to unbolt the connection if need be.

Types of Nuts

Nuts can be classified by size, shape, materials used, and thread type. The type of fastener being used in a particular application must be carefully chosen. Por exemplo, aluminum fasteners are known to be superior in electric and thermal conductivity; and titanium in weight, corrosão, e força. Hexagonal nuts are the most commonly used type of nuts in all industries. No entanto, there is a vast list of nut types that are designed for different purposes and circumstances.

Acorn Nuts

Acorn nuts belong to cap nuts. These are Referred to as acorns due to their nut-like shape. Acorn nuts are usually used in decorations. The cap also shields the end of the bolt and gives it an aesthetic look. Adicionalmente, they reduce issues like snagging clothing on sharp edges.

Hex Nuts

The name (Hex) comes from the six-sided hexagonal structure. Their design helps reduce the time taken for fastening and unfastening activities. There are several hex nut variations exist. Each has a particular function and benefits.

• Hex Finish Nuts: Hex finish nuts contain a circular cross-section and internal threads.
• Small Pattern Hex Nuts: These nuts are app. 20% less dia compared to conventional nuts. They are mainly applied where conventional nuts cannot be used.
• Structural Heavy Hex Nuts: These are larger, and deeper in height, and width than standard hex nuts.

Jam Nuts

Em geral, jam nuts are similar to hex nuts. These are usually smaller than standard nuts, sobre (½ ) of the size. They are secured against a standard nut to avoid unscrewing. Using a jam nut is significant if a normal nut tends to work itself free from the stud.

Lock Nuts

The lock nuts are highly resilient. They offer great prevention against unnecessary vibrations and torque. There are certain types and all of them use different ways of preventing themselves from becoming loose. Notable examples include:

• Castle Lock Nuts: They have slots, and help shielding components. They are commonplace in automobiles for wheels and bearings.
• Nylon Insert Lock Nuts: Como o nome sugere, a nylon layer is incorporated in the threading. It helps in preventing vibrations and has a firm holding capacity.
• Prevailing Torque Lock Nuts: Stover nuts, is another name for prevailing torque lock nuts. They have a conical top which is used to contort locking forces.
• Serrated Flange Lock Nuts: These nuts hold serrated flanges. They exploit serrations to mitigate unfastening.

Push Nuts

Push nuts are installed by simply pushing them onto a shaft. Their ease of application contributes to their popularity. No entanto, they are difficult to eliminate due to their construction. Push nuts can be used in a wide variety of medical products, and toys.

Coupling Nuts

Self-locking nuts are different from ordinary nuts. They are used between two fittings having external male threads. Coupling nuts are also identified by names such as extension or rod coupling nuts. They are used most effectively when joining threaded rods or pipes.

Square Nuts

Square nuts give more contact surface area for the nuts and hence make a more secure connection. Their shape minimizes the turning chances, and slipping. Portanto, these are suitable to be used with square head bolts.

T-Nuts

T-nuts or tee-nuts have the appearance of the letter ‘T’. They have pronged flanges. These prongs are threaded and screwed into materials making the nut more optimal for fastening. They are mostly employed in the fastening of wood or plastic parts.

U-Nuts

U-nuts feature a distinctive shape, resembling a “U.” They are also known as spire or chimney nuts, reflecting this design. They enable the users to apply them without requiring any specialized tools. Portanto, they are mostly applicable for connecting sheets of material.

Wing Nuts

The wing nuts are those comprising wings on both sides to be tightened and loosened by hand. They are flexible and suitable to be used in areas where they are often to be shifted.

What are Bolts Used for?

A bolt is a strong cylindrical fastener. It features two primary components: a shank, and a head. Geralmente, bolt heads have a hexagonal top, while the shaft is a smooth cylindrical extension with a threaded portion. Bolts perform certain functions such as:

• Securing Components: Hardware connection is done by placing a bolt through a hole and then screwing a nut over it. Threads on the exterior of the nut must fit the interior of the other and must not loosen.
• Stress and Failure: Bolts are subjected to tensile forces and even though they stand high tensile stresses
• Application Examples: Toggle bolts are suitable for hanging shelves or pictures on dry walls. Por outro lado, machine bolts are ideal for fastening two metal interfaces of a structure.

Varieties of Bolts

All bolts have external threads; no entanto, their look and operation are quite different. There are different bolts for various uses in particular.

Carriage Bolts

Carriage bolts are round head screws with a domed head. They are self-locking. These bolts have a square part below the head. This screws into a corresponding square aperture to minimize movement when the nut is tightened or loosened.

Anchor Bolts

An anchor bolt combines a cylindrical threaded rod and an embedded anchor. The anchor holds the material firmly to the wall, while the threaded rod protrudes outwards. These bolts are mainly suited to be used on concrete structures and as such are well appreciated by contractors and handymen.

Blind Bolts

Blind bolts are designed for use where access is possible only on one side. They offer good clamping forces and are ideal where normal bolts cannot be applied. They are especially useful in construction and restricted access facilities due to their simple installation.

Double-end Bolts

Double-end bolts or stud bolts have threads on both bolt ends. They also contain cylindrical shafts in the middle. These bolts possess a head and are employed to fasten two parts in many industries such as automobile and construction.

Hex Bolts

Hex bolts or hex bolts, are fasteners, have hexagonal heads. The cylindrical part may be totally or partially threaded. These bolts are the most common type and they are used in various areas of application in different industries.

Flange Bolts

Flange bolts have a flange just below the bolt head and act like a washer. This flange enhances area contact, providing a leveling of the clamping load to give connection security. Their uses are well seen in plumbing, automotive industries as well as mechanical industries.

U-Bolts

U-bolts are U-shaped with threaded ends having half-round or rectangular cross-sections. They are typical type of fasteners that finds application in a wide range of industries including plumbing and automotive industries.

J-Bolts

J-bolts, or hook bolts, are known for their J-shape. These bolts offer strong fastening as used in construction projects such as roofing and concrete fastening.

Lag Bolts

Lag bolts are very strong and are recommended for use when joining large and massive items in a project. These are durable designs for use in tough applications of fastening.

Specialty Bolts

Specialty bolts can be acquired upon request. You can request suppliers for personalized specifications while purchasing these bolts. For example specific diameter, head, and thread size. Por tal motivo, specialty bolts tend to outcompete standard counterparts.

Basic Differences Between Nuts and Bolts

The below table is a tabulation of dissimilarities between nuts and bolts:

Nuts	Bolts
Nuts have threaded centers and hollow cylindrical shapes.	Bolts contain a head and a cylindrical threaded shaft.
Entail internal threads, commonly referred to as female threads.	Bolts possess male or external threads.
Nuts primarily endure compressive forces, which can lead to failure.	Bolts exhibit tensile forces. They may lead to failure upon excessive stress.
Common types of nuts include hex, coupling, flange, cap, quadrado, slotted, jam lock, wing, push, T-nuts, and U-nuts.	Various bolt types include flange, eye, hanger, carriage, shoulder, anchor, hex, toggle, lag, and machine bolts.
Geralmente, nuts are smaller in size.	Bolts are typically larger in comparison.

Selection of the Right Nut for Your Bolt

Bolt and screw shape is cylindrical and the two components join through the threaded face. In these threads, the shear plane can cause material failure. Em outras palavras, the number of bonds denotes the strength of a link as the crude of the stream.

The nut and bolt must made of the same alloy. Além disso, the nut has at least equal strength to the bolt concerning its maximum tensile strength. In safety-critical applications, it’s recommended to use a stronger nut than a bolt. According to IFI standards, a nut’s tensile strength should be 20% greater than the tensile strength of the bolt.

Conclusão

Nuts and bolts often create confusion in terminology. Many individuals struggle to use these terms accurately. Proper names should always be used at all times. This is especially the case while dealing with staff, ordering products, or when at a hardware store buying commodities. Screws are another type of fastener about which there is little confusion even though it has a clearly defined use. Nuts and bolts, though are fastening devices employed simultaneously, there is a difference between the two that must be understood. If you have any questions, please don’t hesitate to get in touch with us!